aj:tar:pisemka_ut_5._4 [Poznámky Oktáva A]

muset:
- must - z vlastního popudu (umýt si hlavu)
- have to - někdo to nařizuje
- need to
- it's necessary to, be obliged to, be forced to
- v minulosti: had to
nemuset
- don't have to
- don't need to
- needn't
- nemuset v minulosti:
  - needn't have + 3. tvar - nemusels to dělat, je to ale vykonáno
  - didn't need to - nemusels to dělat, nevíme, jestli to bylo nebo nebylo vykonáno
moci, smět:
- can
- may - formální
- it's possible to, be allowed to, be permitted to
- v minulosti: could
nesmět
- mustn't
mít něco udělat
- should
- ought to
- be supposed to, be reminded to, be recommended to
nemít něco udělat
- shouldn't
- oughtn't
- be not supposed to, be not reminded to, be not recommended to
žádost nejsme-li si jisti:
- could (př. Could I open the window? Yes, you can.)
doporučení
- must (př. You must see the film.)
- recommend me to

there is / there are - sentences describing whether or not SM exist, it's followed by indefinite noun (věty popisující jestli něco existuje, nebo neexistuje, obvykle následuje neurčitý člen)
- př. There is a little house at the foot of the hill. (úpatí kopce)
- There are some trees growing along the side of the road.
- There's no point in worrying about it.
it is / it was - sentences giving information about time, weather and distance (věty podávající informace o čase, počasí nebo vzdálenosti
- př. It's a bright, sunny day.
- It was half past six in the morning.
- It's just over 10 km to the nearest town.
it is - as a subject of sentences to refer forwards to a later clause with that, an infinitive or an -ing form
- př. It is a pity that no one can help.
- It's good to see you again.
- It's no use crying over spilt milk. (Nemá smysl plakat nad rozlitým mlékem.)